Your Anger Management Guide: Best Techniques & Exercises

Maybe you have a no-nonsense approach to life, or perhaps you are just angry.

“Pathological anger can ruin your relationships, career, and health if you don’t take action,” but there are techniques that can help (Dyer, 2020, p. 14).

We know that everyone gets angry, but letting it get out of control is harmful. Anger management treatment helps people lead a full, happy, and healthy life (Karmin, 2017).

This article provides tips, techniques, and strategies taken from anger management therapy. It also introduces exercises and activities to take charge of emotions and keep anger under control.

Before you continue, we thought you might like to download our three Emotional Intelligence Exercises for free. These science-based exercises will not only enhance your ability to understand and work with your anger emotions, but also give you the tools to foster the emotional intelligence of your clients, students, or employees.

Conducting Anger Management Therapy: 10+ Tips

We don’t have to accept destructive anger-driven behavior, and, perhaps more importantly, neither should others. There is a wealth of literature and advice available to regain control of our emotions.

Anger is a real problem in society. Studies suggest that “eight percent of the adult population find it hard to control their temper,” and any of us can develop an anger problem (Dyer, 2020, p. 14).

There are, however, several tips that can start or keep us on the path to managing our emotions, before considering signing up for anger management therapy.

We’ve included some of the best below (modified from Dyer, 2020).

Identify if you have an anger problem

While a degree of anger is normal and at times helpful in our lives, we need to ask ourselves if we get consumed by rage. For example, do we lose control when we feel disrespected or see someone else treated poorly?

Key indications of a serious anger problem include the following (Dyer, 2020):

1. Your anger feels too strong to handle.
2. You are angry regularly.
3. You get angry over things that don’t seem to affect other people.
4. Your anger affects your relationships and work.
5. Your anger turns to aggression or violence.
6. You engage in unhealthy coping mechanisms to handle your behavior.

Recognizing there is a problem is the first step toward change (Karmin, 2017).

Learn to cope with your emotions

Finding techniques that help you cope with strong emotions and break the anger cycle is an essential next step in anger management (Dyer, 2020).

Out-of-control anger means that your emotions are dictating your behavior. Dyer (2020) offers several techniques to regain mastery over feelings and avoid acting in a destructive or harmful way.

1. Distance yourself
   Physically removing yourself from an emotional situation can immediately bring relief. However, if that’s not possible, psychological distance can help. Imagining someone else experiencing the problem or looking in on yourself can help you respond more rationally.
2. Practice deep breathing
   Breathing slowly and deeply is a powerful method for restoring logical, less emotional thinking and encouraging feelings of relaxation (Nestor, 2020).
3. Ask for time out
   Before you do or say something regrettable, excuse yourself. Get a few minutes away from the heat of the situation to regain composure and more logical thinking.
4. Engage in physical activity
   In the heat of anger, your body is on fire with endorphins and stress hormones that prepare you for action. Take a walk, ideally outside, to restore physical (as well as mental) balance.
5. Change your posture and facial expression
   Surprisingly, altering your body language can be effective at changing how others see you and how you feel. Relaxing your arms and shoulders and unclenching your fists can help (Cuddy, 2018).
6. Laugh
   If you can see the humor in the situation and it’s appropriate, laughter can create a temporary distraction or change a tense dynamic.
7. Play calming or happy music
   Listening to bright or relaxing music can be distracting and an effective way to decompress.

Seek medical help

Physical illness and physiological changes can cause emotional shifts. Seek medical help for severe mood swings and unexpected anger (Dyer, 2020; U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021).

Medical assessments for these types of symptoms may include running tests, asking about, or discussing the possibility of:

• Hormonal imbalances
• Blood sugar problems and diabetes
• Neurological issues
• Eating disorders
• Depression
• Addiction
• Family history of mental health
• Handling stress (recent significant changes in life, such as divorce, death of a loved one)
• Organic diseases (Parkinson’s, epilepsy, tumors, etc.)
• Head injury

While none of these factors are excuses for lashing out at others, they may suggest underlying factors worsening the situation.

Develop the skills to manage anger

The goal of managing your anger is to avoid saying or doing things that you will later regret. Managing your anger involves developing the skills necessary to successfully (Karmin, 2017):

• Express yourself
• Take care of yourself
• Build resilience and tolerance regarding frustration
• Maintain a positive outlook

Ask yourself, what is the hardest part of managing your anger when you are:

• Expressing yourself?
• Taking care of yourself?
• Tolerating frustration?
• Maintaining a positive outlook?

Use the answers to reflect on what you could do differently, and learn how to show yourself and others more compassion.

7 Anger Management Techniques & Strategies

The following approaches can help someone respond differently to people and events that typically cause them to become angry.

Understand the anger management cycle

In Anger Management – How to Take Control of Your Emotions and Find Joy in Life, Judy Dyer (2020) says that once you recognize the factors involved in triggering angry responses, you can learn how to break the anger cycle.

A typical angry response is the result of the following steps (modified from Dyer, 2020):

1. Something happens to annoy or upset you (triggering event).
2. Negative or irrational thoughts kick in.
3. Such thoughts lead to unpleasant emotions.
4. You start to experience physical symptoms of anger (hot flash, sweating, shaking, clenched fists).
5. You react (behavior), possibly yelling, crying, arguing, lashing out, or withdrawing.

It doesn’t have to be this way. According to Dyer (2020), you can break the cycle.

Challenge your thoughts

Therapists often begin by focusing on a client’s negative thoughts or cognitive distortions (Dyer, 2020).

Ask your clients to consider whether the following statements hold true for them:

• You only focus on things people have done to annoy you (filtering).
• You see everything in the extreme, using words such as never, always, or every (overgeneralization).
• You ignore your role in a situation and blame others instead (blaming).
• You daydream about how you will get even or seek revenge (blueprinting).
• You insist everyone around you acts in a certain way. If they don’t comply, you get angry (should-ing).

Ask your clients to challenge their negative thinking using the following steps (Dyer, 2020):

1. Write the thought down.
2. Reflect on how you feel when you have this thought.
3. Think about the type of cognitive distortion you might be using.
4. Identify how fully you accept (believe) this thought on a scale from 1 (not at all) to 10 (completely).
5. Identify a more helpful thought to reframe the situation.

Consider,

What advice would you give to a friend?
What supporting evidence do you have?
Is this a helpful thought?
What will you think in a week/month/year?

6. Re-score how fully you accept this new thought, from 1 (not at all) to 10 (completely).

If the score is less than five, come up with a new thought.

7. How does it feel to hold on to this new thought?

Perhaps you feel less angry, lighter, and calmer.

When you next get angry, notice your thoughts. Are they cognitive distortions or negative thoughts? Could you replace them?

Anger in relationships

“Angry people often have angry relationships” says Dyer (2020, p. 53).

Over time, both partners can fall into a pattern of habitual anger unless the anger cycle is shut down. Instead, try to share one another’s needs and wants, and address issues as they arise.

Dyer (2020) suggests the following strategies:

• Take a step back
  Imagine someone else in your situation. How would you advise them?
• Reframe the situation
  When your partner lets you down (perhaps they forget to go to the store), try a more sympathetic interpretation. Rather than escalate a mistake into something more serious, try reframing it.
  Focus on the facts rather than an immediate, emotional reaction.
• Use constructive communication
  Show respect and maturity when talking to your partner. This includes:
  • Being honest
  • Allowing the other person time and opportunity to share their views
  • Using ‘I’ statements when talking about feelings
  • Being compassionate
  • Working together toward a solution
  • Avoiding insults, shouting, unfounded accusations, dragging up the past, and sarcasm
• Seek understanding
  Rather than focusing on winning the argument or suggesting that the other person is overreacting, aim for understanding.
• Plan for difficult conversations
  Write down the points you need to cover, and practice discussing sensitive subjects.

Top 4 Exercises, Activities, & Games for Adults

The following exercises and activities will help you identify, manage, and express your anger or your clients’ in more positive ways. In addition, you will find 15 anger management tests in our related article.

1. Socializing

Fostering relationships is a worthwhile investment. Discussing problems and emotional upsets with friends and relatives can help control and manage emotions.

Not only that, “spending time with friends and acquaintances whose company you enjoy can inoculate you against stress and anger” (Catalano, 2018, p. 117).

2. Exercise and sports

Sports and exercise help manage anger and control emotions (Pels & Kleinert, 2016).

Walking, running, and gardening are effective at lowering anxiety levels, improving mood, and offering protection from stress and irritability (Catalano, 2018).

3. Eating well

Our microbiome (bacteria in our gut) has a significant impact on our emotional and mental wellbeing. Research shows that gut health is essential to every organ in the body, including the brain (Thomson, 2019).

Eating a healthy, balanced diet can positively affect our cognitive and emotional state (Thomson, 2019).

4. Taking a breath

Deep, slow breathing can have a positive effect on anxiety and depression.

A change to our breathing pattern, even a temporary one, can increase the blood flow and function of the brain and benefit both our physical and emotional wellbeing (Nestor, 2020).

Useful Worksheets and Helpful Questions

Anger management starts with understanding the triggers.

Once these triggers have been identified, it is possible to avoid them, reduce their effect, or find ways to maintain emotional control (Dyer, 2020).

The following questions and exercise worksheets can help.

Anger Management Journal

Understanding your history with anger can provide valuable insights into what triggers outbursts or damaging behavior (Karmin, 2017).

The questions in the Anger Management Journal prompt you to consider what happened, how you reacted angrily, and how you could have done things differently.

Once you have captured several incidents of anger, you can begin to identify patterns and plan coping mechanisms to use in the future.

Tuning In to Your Anger

The better you understand your anger, the more likely you are to manage your feelings and behavior, and cope with your emotions (Karmin, 2017).

The Tuning In to Your Anger worksheet asks a series of questions to understand the physical, emotional, and behavioral signs of anger.

The answers can improve your awareness of rising extreme emotions, such as anger.

Challenging Angry Thoughts

“Distorted thinking involves thoughts that flash into your mind and make you feel worse” (Karmin, 2017). We all have them, and they are particularly relevant leading up to or during angry outbursts.

The Challenging Angry Thoughts worksheet explores whether you are making errors in how you interpret situations and helps you identify recurring patterns in your thinking.

The answers can help you recognize that your thinking patterns are sometimes distorted and explore how you could interpret them differently and more positively.

Imagining Being Able to Manage Anger

Anger management can be learned. Using suitable techniques, individuals will become better at identifying their anger triggers and implementing coping mechanisms. Clients can bring their anger under control.

Use the Imagining Being Able to Manage Anger worksheet to picture how life would be if you were able to get a grip on your anger.

The following questions form the acronym FADE (Catalano, 2018):

• Feel
  Imagine how you will feel emotionally and physically when you can manage your anger.
• Appear
  Imagine how you will appear differently when you can manage your anger.
• Do
  Imagine what you will do differently when you can manage your anger.
• Empower
  Imagine what you will be empowered to do when you can manage your anger.

The worksheet can be kept and reviewed as a reminder of the client’s goals for managing anger and how their life will look when they gain that control.

Releasing Resentment

Resentment can be another path to anger (Catalano, 2018)

Using the Releasing Resentment worksheet, respond to a series of prompts to reflect on the resentment you may be harboring and explore what it might be like if it were released.

Improving the client’s understanding of factors that fuel their anger can help them become aware of and manage the triggers.

Spot-check of Your Anger

Sometimes we are unaware of our anger and may fail to notice it building within us.

Use the Spot-check of Your Anger worksheet to review your anger, bring feelings into focus, and consider the actions you need to take.

Alternative Anger Management Methods

There are other ways of identifying the triggers that lead to anger and managing our emotional responses, including the following.

Best anger management apps

Apps promoting mental health are portable and accessible, and can provide valuable interventions at any time.

Here are three of our favorites.

Happify

Happify offers evidence-based solutions for handling stress and life’s challenges. This app helps users improve their mental wellbeing and manage anger by forming new, healthy habits.

Headspace

Headspace is a top-rated app that successfully promotes mindfulness and meditation skills. Such techniques are highly effective at gaining composure and objectively looking at our emotions, including anger.

Calm

Calm is another highly valued app that can reduce stress and anxiety by adopting a calm outlook in challenging situations. Use the tool to balance life, manage stress, understand related emotions, and adopt a more positive, healthy outlook.

Yoga

Yoga is one of the most widely practiced alternative treatments in the United States and has been linked to several health benefits, including alleviating asthma and depression (Brown, Eubanks, & Keating, 2017).

Brown et al. (2017) confirmed the benefits of practicing yoga for improving relaxation, quality of life, and anger management.

Anger management journals

Journaling is a well-used and valuable component of many therapy treatments (Myles & Shafran, 2015). Whether using a paper journal or digital apps, capturing and tracking the triggers and incidents of anger is a valuable and powerful technique for gaining emotional control and self-knowledge (Karmin, 2017).

Best Resources From PositivePsychology.com

Throughout our blog, we have many practical tools to help clients better manage emotions and maintain a calm outlook when it’s most needed.

For instance, take a look at the following free materials:

• Imagery-Based Exposure Worksheet
  This worksheet invites clients to visualize and re-experience strong negative emotions produced by a difficult event to help reduce the power that situation or memory holds.
• Understanding My Anger
  This worksheet presents a series of questions and reflections to help with anger management for teenagers to understand the triggers, feelings, and consequences associated with anger.
• Decatastrophizing Worksheet
  This worksheet presents five questions to help clients catch themselves catastrophizing and calmly explore the facts of a situation.
• Anger Exit and Re-Entry
  This worksheet helps clients recognize when best to disengage from conflict or difficult conversations, cool down, and re-engage later to facilitate greater insight and joint problem-solving.
• Impact of My Anger
  This worksheet helps clients capture examples of behavior spurred by anger to consider who has been impacted by it and how.
• 17 Positive Communication Exercises
  If you’re looking for more science-based ways to help others communicate better, this collection contains 17 validated positive communication tools for practitioners. Use them to help others improve their communication skills and form deeper and more positive relationships.

A Take-Home Message

We all get angry, but when it becomes out of control, damaging our relationships at home and work, we need to seek help. Whether it originates in genetics, family background, imitation of others, parenting, or stress, extreme anger can wreck lives (Dyer, 2020).

Anger can become a habit. We end up stuck in a pattern of overreacting to minor issues or handling our emotions poorly (Dyer, 2020).

However, if we can recognize our lack of control as an issue, it is possible to break the anger cycle by identifying triggers that cause us emotional upset.

By slowing down our thinking and examining our thought processes, we can prevent angry thoughts from escalating and restore control.

Changing how we look at the problems we face and recognizing emotions without being consumed by them can break the chain of command between trigger and outburst.

The worksheets and strategies in this article help prevent and manage anger before we lose control. Try them out on yourself or with clients to see when each one is most effective.

We hope you enjoyed reading this article. Don’t forget to download our three Emotional Intelligence Exercises for free.